Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an absolute or relative insulin deficiency in the body and is characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense but is caused by improper lifestyle and diet.Therefore, nutrition for diabetes plays an important role in the patient's health.
Foods to include and exclude from a type 2 diabetes diet
Nutrition for diabetes must be precise and include foods with a low glycemic index (from 10 to 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplant, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other greens;
- egg;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, cranberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and juice from them;
- Citrus fruits: lemons, oranges, tangerines and grapefruit;
- products made from cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, oatmeal, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with durum flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed flaxseed oil;
- mineral water.
limitConsume foods with a medium glycemic index (from 40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, beans;
- bread made from whole wheat flour, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- unsweetened apple and grape juice;
- instant oatmeal;
- marmalade;
- raisins, melons, kiwis;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- pancakes made from flour;
- brown rice
Exclusionsfrom diet foods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and bread;
- pone;
- fried and grilled potatoes;
- caramel and honey, jam, candy, sugar;
- white bread;
- carbonated and non-carbonated alcohol and sweet drinks;
- coffee, tea, replace with chicory, green tea, blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: hot dogs, sausages, small sausages, chicken, smoked meat.
Along with taking medication as prescribed by your doctor, you need to use medicinal plants: chicory, blueberry leaves, dandelion roots, lolot leaves, bean leaves and a collection of hypoglycemic herbs.
In addition, diabetics should lead an active lifestyle, move more, including walking up to 2 km a day, walking up stairs, physical activity, unless of course they have had a heart attack or stroke.Adjust your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 am.
Basic steps and dietary rules for type 2 diabetes
It's no secret that diabetes mainly affects overweight and obese people.
The first step of the diet-2 weeks, get rid of extra pounds.During this time, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
If your blood sugar level is high, you should eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, so that the insulin has time to take effect.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
The second step of the diet– 15 days, summarize results.During this phase, we eat foods with low and medium glycemic index.We limit our intake of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
Third step of the diet– for the rest of your life, stay in shape and follow the rules.The menu should have low and moderate blood sugar levels.
According to my own experience, I have been diabetic for 11 years, I know that 70% of good health depends on what you eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner, 20% depends on activities during the day, and only 10% depends on medicine.
Diabetic meals list of BREAKFAST dishes
For breakfast, you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal - made from natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of wild berries, raisins and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with milk or low-fat yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatballs, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on whole grain bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecake with sour cream.
- Shredded cabbage or potatoes with sour cream.
- Green tea is based on natural herbs.Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruit.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Omelette with squid.
- Cabbage stewed in the oven.
- Zucchini stew.
- Meat pudding.
Diabetic meals LUNCH dish list
A normal lunch includes a salad, first and second courses, dessert and a drink.Lunch is provided with the following dishes:
Salad:
The basis of the salad can be lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl.and cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radishes, radishes, cucumbers, tomatoes), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheese and fruit.
First courses:
- Soup:
- vegetarian vegetables;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- egg rice;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, with beans;
- pickles;
- fish with celery;
- vegetables with chicken;
- Vegetarian borscht with sour cream.
Second course:
- Boiled or stewed meat with stewed cabbage.
- Beef Stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken porridge with millet.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Bread to your liking, made from whole grain bread.
Dessert:
- Sugar-free lemon jelly.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd souffle.
- Stevia chocolate cake in the microwave.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apple.
Beverage
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit juice with sweetener.
List of diabetic dishes for dinner
Dinner dishes could be:
- Cabbage and vegetable rolls.
- Low-fat boiled fish.
- Carrot-apple berries with kefir.
- Puree carrots with sour cream.
- Braised cabbage.
- Vegetable pot.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a suggestion;You have to develop your own menu and focus on your health.